Urban II presides over the Council of Clermont
THE PUZZLE OF 1096 The 1270
a chronology
Expansion Arab
1.
The First Crusade 2.
The First Crusade 3.
The First Crusade 4. Nd Crusade The
5.
The First Crusade 6.
The First Crusade 7.
The First Crusade 8.
th Crusade The End of the States in the Latin East
The See also: Abstracts
Short summaries describing the various Crusades .
Index documentary
Short summaries on topics relating to the Crusades.
of the Month The End of the States in the Latin East
© Rheinisches Landesmuseum
The Return of the Crusade by Karl Friedrich Lessing
1271. English Crusade led by Edward Plantagenet, Duke of Guyenne and future king of England, which continues through 8. First Crusade.
- Gregory X (1271-1276), Cardinal Visconti, is elected Pope. Have three main objectives: to pacify Italy, control the power of Charles of Anjou, King of Naples, and France and pacify Germany.
1271, April 7. Baybars, the Mamluk sultan of Egypt, seizes the Krak of the Knights. The Knights Hospitaller who defended the fortress are driven towards the coast.
1274. Pope Gregory X preaches the crusade, Concíçio in Lyon. Due to his death the project is set aside. 1274 to 1275. The Mamluks plunder Cilicia.
1277. Death of Baybars.
- Charles of Anjou declares himself pretender to the crown of Jerusalem, occupying St John of Acre.
1282. Henry II of Cyprus becomes king of Jerusalem.
1289, April 27. The Mamluks ruled by Sultan Qalawun take Tripoli. The city is razed.
1291, May 18. The Mamluks led by Khalil, successor Qalawun come into St. John of Acre. The Citadel occupied by the Templars resisted until the 28th.
1291, summer Evacuation of other strongholds of Palestine. Cyprus, the last French territory in the Eastern Mediterranean, will be governed by the Lusignan dynasty until 1489.
1294. Boniface VIII (1294-1303), Cardinal Gaetani, is elected Pope. A skeptic in religious matters, but he believed in charms and magic, is considered the last Pope of the Middle Ages. It was the last pope to proclaim the universal authority of the Papacy, which had been defended by Gregory VII and maintained by Innocent III. But in fact, its main objective was the enhancement of family Gaetani.
1299. The Mongols conquered Damascus.
1303. The Templars leave the islet of Rouad.
1303, September 8. "The Great Day in Anagni": Two envoys of the king of France Philip IV the Fair, enter the Pope's office, threatening to kill him, trying to get his resignation public, and hold it with the intention to bring to France but are stopped due to public reaction. Boniface dies shortly after.
1307.13 October. Philip IV, ordered the arrest the Templars in his kingdom.
1310, August 15. The Hospitallers are masters of Rhodes. Govern the island until 1523.
1312, March 22, Pope Clement V, French, archbishop of Bordeaux, decreed the abolition of the Temple in his bull Vox in exalted.
main sources:
AAVV,
The Crusades (1096-1270), Lisbon
, Parchment, 2001
Tate, George, L'Orient des
croisade,
Paris, Gallimard ('Découvertes » ), 1991
Heers, Jacques, The Medieval World
,
Lisbon, Attica Editions, 1976
The See also:
D. Dinis
Entry Portugal - Historical Dictionary.
MANUEL AMARAL 2000-2008
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